IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI 
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   ITA 410/2013  
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 CIT        ..... Appellant 
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 Through Mr. Kamal Sawhney, Sr. Standing Counsel. 
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 versus 
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 GUPTA SPINNING MILLS PVT LTD       ..... Respondent 
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 Through 
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 CORAM: 
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 HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE SANJIV KHANNA 
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 HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE SANJEEV SACHDEVA 
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 O R D E R 
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    13.09.2013 
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 We have heard the learned counsel for the Revenue in this appeal 
 under Section 260A of the Income Tax Act, 1961 challenging the order 
 passed by the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal (tribunal, for short) dated 
 29th February, 2012.   Order under Section 263 of the Commissioner of 
 Income Tax (Commissioner) dated 5th March, 2010 has been quashed. 
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 2. We are afraid that we have to uphold the order of the tribunal 
 because of the order passed under Section 263 by the Commissioner, which 
 is highly cryptic and self contradictory.  In fact, it supports the case 
 of the respondent that power under Section 263 could not have been 
 invoked. 
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 3. The respondent-assessee had filed return for assessment year 2006- 
 07 declaring income of Rs.2,14,62,660/- on 23rd October, 2006.  The said 
 income was derived from investments in mutual funds, shares in the shape 
 of dividend, capital gains, etc. The assessment order records that during 
 the course of hearing, the respondent had produced books of account, 
 which were checked.  The Assessing Officer made an addition of 
 Rs.27,110/- under Section 14A of the Act by making disallowance of 
 expenditure.  No other addition was made. 
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 4. The order under Section 263 in the first paragraph refers to profit 
 on sale of shares, which was treated as short-term capital gain or long- 
 term capital gain.  Notice was issued why profit from sales of shares 
 should not be treated as business profit.  The said order records the 
 submissions of the respondent in the following words:- 
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 ?The case fixed for hearing on 03.05.2010 Sh. Vinod Gupta, AR of the 
 assessee appeared and submitted that the profit resulted because of sale 
 of past investment so the same was rightly shown as capital gains and not 
 business income.  It was further submitted that for looking at the nature 
 of transaction its frequency etc it could not be construe as business 
 income.  In support of the above contention, certain judicial 
 pronouncements were relied upon and it was further submitted that in the 
 earlier year the assessee company had account he (sic) shares as 
 investment in its account and, not as stock in trade.  Secondly, the 
 assessee had earned the divided got bonus shares on the investment held. 
 It was argued that the same would prove that the associated income was 
 related to sale of investment and was rightly shown as capital gains.? 
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 5. Thereafter, the reasoning given by the Commissioner reads as 
 under:- 
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 ?I have heard the authorized representative, gone thought (sic) the 
 submission as also the facts of records.  Prima facts the assessee 
 submission has some strength and needs appropriate considerations as per 
 law.  At the same time it is also a matter of record that there is a lack 
 of enquiry/investigation on the part of Assessing Officer.  To that 
 extent it can certainly be held that the order of the AO is both 
 erroneous as well as prejudicial to the interest of the revenue. 
 Therefore, the provision of section 263 of the Act is invoked and the 
 order of the Assessing Officer is set aside to be redone afresh.  The 
 assessee shall be given reasonable opportunities of being heard.? 
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 (emphasis supplied) 
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 6. On looking at the assessment order, one does get an impression that 
 the respondent had no other business and had declared a huge amount of 
 Rs.2,16,40,214/- as income from short-term capital gains.  This factum 
 has not been adverted or stated in the findings recorded by the 
 Commissioner, though in the first paragraph, the Commissioner has 
 mentioned that there was underassessment of Rs.662.06 lakhs and tax 
 effect was Rs.260.13 lakhs.  In the reasoning and the ratio, the 
 Commissioner has made observation in favour of the respondent-assessee 
 that ?prima facie the assessee?s submission has some strength and needs 
 appropriate consideration as per law?.  He further records that there was 
 lack of enquiry and investigation by the Assessing Officer.  In other 
 words, investigation or inquiry was carried out by the Assessing Officer 
 at the time of original assessment.  The Commissioner has accepted that 
 this is not a case of no inquiry or investigation but it could be a case 
 of an erroneous decision.   Power under Section 263A can be invoked when 
 twin conditions are satisfied i.e. when order passed by the Assessing 
 Officer is erroneous and prejudicial to the interest of the Revenue. 
 Satisfaction of jurisdictional conditions by the Commissioner is 
 imperative and obligatory to sustain an order under Section 263 of the 
 Act.  It has been repeatedly held that an erroneous order means one which 
 is contrary to law or the maker misunderstood the law/ facts or when 
 there is erroneous application of law to the facts.  The facts 
 incorrectly stated can also lead to erroneous order.  However, the 
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 Commissioner must reach the said conclusion and cannot set aside an order of the Assessing Officer for fresh consideration or revisit without 
 recording that the order was erroneous.  As the Assessing Officer is both 
 an investigator and adjudicator, when he fails to conduct any inquiry on 
 the subject matter, i.e. it is a case of no inquiry, order passed by the 
 Assessing Officer is treated as erroneous. However, there is difference 
 between no inquiry by the Assessing Officer and what Commissioner 
 considers and regards is inadequate inquiry.  This distinction has to be 
 drawn in view of the decision of the Supreme Court in Malabar Industrial 
 Co. Ltd. Vs. CIT, (2000) 243 ITR 83 (SC) wherein it has been observed 
 that where two views are possible and the Assessing Officer takes one 
 view or accepts the assessee?s stand, the order is not erroneous, unless 
 the order is not sustainable in law.  Thus in such cases, Commissioner is 
 not powerless. After hearing the assessee, he can hold that the finding 
 of the Assessing Officer is erroneous.  In rare cases the inadequate 
 inquiry per se can be treated as erroneous, but this must be indicated 
 and stated by the Commissioner in clear and lucid term by pointing out 
 the relevant facts. 
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 7. We have quoted the exact reasoning given by the Commissioner but do 
 not think that the said observations meet the statutory requirements. 
 The said lapse and failure of the Commissioner bars and prevents us from 
 issuing notice in the appeal in view of the statutory provisions. The 
 appeal therefore has to be dismissed.  Ordered accordingly. 
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 SANJIV KHANNA, J. 
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 SANJEEV SACHDEVA, J. 
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 SEPTEMBER 13, 2013 
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 NA/VKR 
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 $ 01 
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